UN Secretary-General António Guterres attends Thematic Session 2: The Energy Transition at the Belém Climate Summit. (Photo: © UN Climate Change – Kiara Worth)

A decade after the Paris Agreement, COP30 marks a decisive shift from planning to delivery. The focus has moved from commitments on paper to real-world implementation – turning the new generation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) into concrete action that accelerates clean energy transitions, strengthens institutions and economies, and delivers tangible benefits for people and the planet.

In this new era of implementation, the United Nations system and partners are coming together at COP30 to support countries in putting their NDCs into action. Across the conference, several events will highlight practical pathways, analytical tools, and partnerships that can help Parties translate ambition into measurable results.

What are some of the key issues on the table?

With climate impacts inflicting growing human and economic costs in every country, every COP is a vital global moment that must deliver major progress, and COP30 is no exception.

The update captures key developments across mitigation, adaptation, transparency, Article 6, finance, and non-Party stakeholder engagement – as well as progress made through our Regional Collaboration Centres and other initiatives.

It also outlines some of the major preparatory work that took place ahead of COP30, including three reports on national adaptation plans (NAPs), nationally determined contributions (NDCs) and biennial transparency reports (BTRs) released last month, and other milestones on the road to COP30 in Belém.

Mayara Nascimento de Andrade